Hubs-6-revision3

What is the function of intracapsular ligaments?

To replace cartilage in damaged areas of the joint

To provide additional stabilization within the joint cavity

To produce synovial fluid for joint lubrication

To allow joint flexibility by connecting bones outside the joint capsule

None

Which combination of factors contributes most to the overall stability of synovial joints?

The congruence of articulating bone ends, ligament positioning, and surrounding muscle strength

The production of synovial fluid and the shape of articular cartilage

The size of the joint cavity and the density of articular cartilage

The presence of fibrocartilage and the flexibility of the joint capsule

None

What is the primary characteristic of a plane joint?

It restricts movement entirely.

It allows movement in one axis only.

It permits sliding and gliding movements.

It enables circumduction and rotation.

None

Which of the following best explains the roles of the synovial membrane, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage in maintaining joint stability and function under mechanical stress?

The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which coats the articulating bone ends to create a frictionless surface. This fluid also reduces joint pressure by filling the cavity, while the articular cartilage provides tensile strength under stress.

Synovial fluid, produced by the synovial membrane, lubricates the articulating bone ends and directly strengthens the joint capsule. Articular cartilage creates a rigid base for bones, minimizing displacement during movement.

The synovial membrane absorbs fluid from surrounding tissues during movement, increasing joint stability. Synovial fluid eliminates friction entirely, while the articular cartilage hardens under compressive forces to enhance congruence.

The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid that is absorbed into the articular cartilage during compression, delivering nutrients and removing waste. This process reduces friction between the articulating bone surfaces and prevents cartilage degradation.

None

Which layer of the joint capsule is responsible for secreting synovial fluid?

Articular cartilage

Outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue

Outer synovial membrane

Inner synovial membrane

None

Which of the following statements is false?

The joint capsule provides both structural support and flexibility to synovial joints.

The medial collateral ligament restricts abduction of the knee joint.

Articular cartilage is avascular and relies on ligaments for nourishment.

Synovial joints have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid.

None

Which layer of the joint capsule prevents bones from being pulled apart?

Outer layer of DFCT

Fibrocartilaginous pads

Articular cartilage

Synovial membrane

None

Which of the following movements is allowed by an ellipsoid joint?

Sliding and gliding movements

Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction (no rotation)

Rotation only

Flexion, extension, and circumduction with rotation

None

Which of the following pairs correctly matches a joint type with its example?

Ball-and-socket joint - Elbow joint

Pivot joint - Hip joint

Saddle joint - Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Plane joint - Shoulder joint

None

10.

Which of the following is an example of a capsular ligament in the knee joint?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Medial collateral ligament (MCL)

Patellar ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

None