CELS-6-revision3

During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton gradient is established across the __________, and protons flow back through __________ to generate ATP.

Intermembrane space; succinate dehydrogenase

Inner membrane; ATP synthase

Outer membrane; cytochrome c

Mitochondrial matrix; NADH dehydrogenase

None

If a mutation in ATP synthase caused protons to leak through without generating ATP, what would be the most immediate consequence?

The Electron Transport Chain would continue, but oxidative phosphorylation would fail

The Electron Transport Chain would stop entirely due to the lack of electron flow leading to energy depletion

The proton gradient would increase, making ATP production more efficient

The Citric Acid Cycle would stop due to excess ATP production

None

Which of the following statements about the Electron Transport Chain is false?

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, forming water as a byproduct

ATP synthase relies on the proton gradient to produce ATP

Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through protein complexes

Protons are pumped into the mitochondrial matrix, generating a gradient

None

How does ATP synthase generate ATP?

by directly using oxygen to catalyze ATP production

By allowing protons to flow down their gradient

By removing protons from NADH and FADH2

By transferring phosphate groups from glucose to ADP

None

Why does cyanide poisoning rapidly stop ATP production?

It binds to Complex IV, preventing oxygen from accepting electrons and stopping the Electron Transport Chain

It increases proton leakage across the mitochondrial membrane, disrupting chemiosmosis

It blocks the formation of FADH2, preventing electrons from reaching the Electron Transport Chain

It inhibits Complex I, preventing NADH from donating electrons

None

Which of the following statements are true?

The inner mitochondrial membrane is smooth, allowing for efficient ATP production

The Citric Acid Cycle generates NADH and FADH2, which supply electrons to the Electron Transport Chain

Cells require energy for processes such as mechanical work, making new materials, transport, and maintaining order

Cells require energy for functions like movement, biosynthesis, and transport, and the Electron Transport Chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane to establish a proton gradient

None

In the Electron Transport Chain, electrons from __________ enter at Complex I, while electrons from __________ enter at Complex II.

Oxygen; Water

ATP; NADH

FADH2; NADH

NADH; FADH2

None

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the mitochondrial cristae?

They increase the volume of the mitochondrial matrix

They reduce the need for oxygen during cellular respiration

They increase the surface area available for the Electron Transport Chain

They store glucose for ATP production

None

What happens to pyruvate before it enters the Citric Acid Cycle?

It enters the Electron Transport Chain to donate electrons

It is oxidized to form Acetyl-CoA and releases CO2

It binds with NADH to form Acetyl-CoA

It is directly converted into ATP molecules

None

10.

Which of the following statements about ATP production is true?

Substrate-level phosphorylation produces more ATP than oxidative phosphorylation

The Electron Transport Chain directly produces ATP by moving electrons

ATP synthase transfers electrons through the inner membrane to generate ATP

Most ATP is generated during oxidative phosphorylation through chemiosmosis

None