CELS-5-revision1

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in the metabolism of ______ and the detoxification of ______.

DNA, drugs

Proteins, toxins

Lipids, drugs

Carbohydrates, toxins

None

A lysosome is critical for which process?

Producing ribosomes for translation

Recycling macromolecules

Synthesizing proteins for secretion

Storing genetic material for replication

None

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the endomembrane system?

It is responsible for DNA replication and transcription

It consists of organelles that modify, package, and transport cellular materials

It generates ATP for cellular processes

It facilitates the breakdown of toxic substances through peroxisomes

None

A major difference between the cis and trans face of the Golgi apparatus is that:

The cis face receives proteins from the ER, while the trans face sends them to their final destination

The cis face is responsible for sorting proteins, while the trans face creates ribosomes

The cis face receives vesicles, while the trans face ships modified proteins

The cis face is involved in exocytosis, while the trans face takes in vesicles

None

The process of receptor-mediated endocytosis allows cells to:

Release vesicles containing proteins

Randomly engulf extracellular fluid

Selectively internalize specific molecules

Break down damaged organelles

None

Which of the following statements are FALSE?

The trans face of the Golgi is where proteins enter for modification

Lysosomes digest and recycle cellular components

Pinocytosis is a non-selective uptake of extracellular fluid

Exocytosis is the process by which materials are released from the cell

None

The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins by adding:

Carbohydrates to form glycoproteins

RNA sequences for translation

Lipids to increase hydrophobicity

ATP molecules for energy transfer

None

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

The Golgi apparatus modifies and packages the proteins that arrive at its cis face

The smooth ER synthesizes lipids and send toxic proteins to the rough ER for detoxification

Lysosomes contain digestive microbes to break down cellular waste

All of the above

None

The process by which a cell engulfs large solid particles like bacteria is called:

Exocytosis

Pinocytosis

Phagocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

None

10.

Which of the following statements about the rough endoplasmic reticulum is FALSE?

It has ribosomes attached to its surface

It is primarily responsible for synthesizing lipids

It plays a role in protein synthesis

It processes proteins that will be secreted from the cell

None