CELS-2-revision2

Which characteristic distinguishes Archaea from Bacteria?

Mitosis

Peptidoglycan in walls

Presence of nucleus

None of the above

None

Why is ribosomal RNA useful for studying evolution?

It is conserved

It mutates frequently

It is only in eukaryotes

It undergoes recombination

None

Which of the following is a key requirement for natural selection to occur?

Environmental factors have no influence on which traits are passed on.

Traits must be inherited and affect an organism’s survival or reproduction.

All individuals in a population must have identical traits.

Evolution occurs within a single generation, without genetic variation.

None

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

Peptidoglycan walls

Lack of ribosomes

Circular DNA

Nucleus and organelles

None

Which of the following statements is correct based on the comparison of the three domains of life?

Membrane-enclosed organelles are present in both Archaea and Eukarya but absent in Bacteria.

All three domains have species capable of growing at temperatures above 100°C.

Circular chromosomes are found in both Bacteria and Archaea, but not in Eukarya.

Both Bacteria and Eukarya have a nuclear envelope, while Archaea do not.

None

Which of the following statements is false?

Natural selection requires variation

Life first appeared ~3.4 billion years ago

The tree of life shows evolutionary relationships

All eukaryotes are multicellular

None

Which of the following best describes a phylogenetic tree?

A classification chart that groups organisms solely based on physical similarities.

A representation of the chronological appearance of species without considering their evolutionary connections.

A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among different organisms based on shared common ancestors.

A genetic map that only shows how modern species are related without considering extinct ancestors.

None

Which statement about the three domains is true?

Only Bacteria and Archaea are single-celled

All three have organelles

Archaea and Bacteria lack nuclei

Eukarya has only multicellular organisms

None

Which of the following statements is true?

All photosynthetic organisms belong to Eukarya.

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus.

Gene transfer only happens in eukaryotes.

Bacteria and Archaea are identical.

None

10.

Why was early life likely anaerobic?

Oxygen was absent

Oxygen was toxic

Both A & C

Anaerobes evolve faster

None